Diseases of the Horse's Foot
Public-domain ebook
Diseases of the Horse's Foot
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In: Zoology·Health & Medicine·Nature/Gardening/Animals
Public-domain ebook sourced from Project Gutenberg #11204.
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List of Illustrations
1. The Bones of the Phalanx 2. The Os Coronæ (Anterior View) 3. The Os Coronæ (Posterior View) 4. The Os Pedis (Postero-lateral View) 5. The Os Pedis (viewed from Below) 6. The Navicular Bone (viewed from Below) 7. The Navicular Bone (viewed from Above) 8. Ligaments of the First and Second Interphalangeal Articulations (Lateral View). (After Dollar and Wheatley) 9. Ligaments of the First and Second Interphalangeal Articulations (viewed from Behind). (After Dollar and Wheatley) 10. The Flexor Tendons and the Extensor Pedis. (After Haübner) 11. The Flexor Perforans and Perforatus 12. The Flexor Perforans and Perforatus (the Perforans cut through and deflected) 13. Median Section of Normal Foot 14. The Arteries of the Foot 15. The Veins and Nerves of the Foot 16. The Lateral Cartilage 17. The Keratogenous Membrane (viewed from the Side) 18. The Keratogenous Membrane (viewed from Below) 19. The Wall of the Hoof 20. Internal Features of the Hoof 21. Inferior Aspect of the Hoof 22. Hoof with the Sensitive Structures removed 23. Section of Epidermis 24. Section of Skin with Hair Follicle and Hair 25. Section of Human Nail and Nail-bed 26. Section of Foot of Equine Foetus. (Mettam) 27. Section from Foot of Sheep Embryo. (Mettam) 28. Section from Foot of Calf Embryo. (Mettam) 29. Section from Foot of Equine Foetus. (Mettam) 30. Section through Hoof and Soft Tissues of a Foal at Term. (Mettam) 31. Perpendicular Section of Horn of Wall 32. Horizontal Section of Horn of Wall 33. Horizontal Section through the Junction of the Wall with the Sole 34. Section of Frog. (Mettam) 35. Professor Lungwitz's Apparatus for Examining the Foot Movements 36. Professor Lungwitz's Apparatus for Examining the Foot Movements 37. The Movements of the Solar and Coronary Edges of the Hoof illustrated. (Lungwitz) 38. The Blind 39. The Side-line 40. Method of securing the Hind-foot with the Side-line 41. The Hind-foot secured with the Side-line 42. The Casting Hobbles 43. Method of securing the Hind-leg upon the Fore 44. The Hind-leg secured upon the Fore 45. The Drawing-knife (Ordinary Pattern) 46. Modern Forms of Drawing-knives 47. Symes's Knife 48-51. Illustrating Colonel Nunn's Method of applying a Poultice to the Foot 52. Poultice-boot of Canvas and Steel 53. Poultice-boot of Cocoa-fibre 54. Foot-swab 55. The Shoe with Plates 56. Quittor Syringe 57. The Esmarch Bandage and Tourniquet 58. Tourniquet with Wooden Block 59. Neurectomy Bistoury 60. Neurectomy Needle 61. Double Neurectomy Tenaculum 62. Adventitious Nerve-supply to Foot. (Sessions) 63. Tip Shoe 64. The Tip Shoe 'let in' to the Foot 65. The Thinned Tip 66. Drawing-knife for Charlier Shoeing 67. The Foot prepared for the Charlier Shoe 68. Bar Shoe 69. Rubber Bar Pad on Leather 70. The Bar Pad applied with a Half-shoe 71. Frog Pad 72. Frog Pad applied 73. Smith's Expansion Shoe for Contracted Feet 74. A Contracted Foot treated with Smith's Shoe 75. De Fay's Vice 76. Hartmann's Expanding Shoe 77. Broué's Slipper Shoe. (Gutenacker) 78. Einsiedel's Slipper and Bar-clip Shoe. (Gutenacker) 79. Hoof showing Coronary Contraction. (Gutenacker) 80. Flat-foot (Solar Surface). (Gutenacker) 81. Hoof showing Laminitis Rings on the Wall. (Gutenacker) 82. Hoof showing 'Grass' Rings on the Wall. (Gutenacker) 83. Club-foot. (Gutenacker) 84. Shoe with extended Toe-piece. (Gutenacker) 85. A Crooked Foot in Cross-section. (Gutenacker) 86. Sand-crack Firing-iron 87. Sand-crack Forceps and Clamp. (Vachette's) 88. McGill's Sand-crack Clamp 89. Koster's Sand-crack Clamp 90. Sand-crack Belt 91. Method of 'Easing' the Bearing of the Wall on the Shoe in the Treatment of Sand-crack 92. Method of 'Easing' the Bearing of the Wall on the Shoe in the Treatment of Sand-crack 93. Method of 'Easing' the Bearing of the Wall on the Shoe in the Treatment of Sand-crack 94 96. Grooving the Wall in the Treatment of Sand-crack 97. Removing the Wall in the Treatment of Sand-crack 98. Removing the Wall in the Treatment of Sand-crack 99. Horizontal Section of Corn. (Gutenacker) 100. Inner Surface of the Wall, showing Changes in Chronic Corn. (Gutenacker) 101. Perpendicular Section of the Wall in a Case of Chronic Corn. (Gutenacker) 102. Three-quarter Shoe 103. Three-quarter Bar Shoe 104. Shoe with a 'Dropped' Heel 105. Shoe with a 'Set' Heel 106. Curette, or Volkmann's Spoon 107. Resection of the Terminal Portion of the Perforans Tendon (Gutenacker) 108. Shoe with extended Toe-piece. (Colonel Nunn) 109. Mesian Section of Foot with Lesions following Coronitis. (Gutenacker) 110. Toe of Ordinary Hind-shoe 111. Toe of Hind-shoe Bevelled for the Prevention of Overreach 112. Hoof showing Lesion in the Wall following Coronitis. (Gutenacker) 113. Foot with Lesions of Chronic Coronitis. (Gutenacker) 114. Hoof Accidentally Tom from Foot. (Cartledge) 115. Hoof Accidentally Tom from Foot. (Rogerson) 116. Section of Foot with Laminitis of Eight Days' Duration. (Gutenacker) 117. Section of Foot with Laminitis of Fourteen Days' Duration. (Gutenacker) 118. Chronic Ostitis of the Os Pedis in Laminitis. 119. Broad's Rocker Bar Shoe for Laminitis. 120. The Foot showing Grooves made in the Wall for Treatment of Laminitis (Anterior Surface). 121. The Foot showing Grooves made for the Treatment of Laminitis (Solar Surface). 122. Foot with Chronic Laminitis. (Gutenacker) 123. Inferior Aspect of Foot with Chronic Laminitis. (Gutenacker) 124. Section of Foot with Laminitis of Three Weeks' Duration. (Gutenacker) 125. Section of Foot with Laminitis of Several Years' Duration. (Gutenacker) 126. Diagram showing Position of the Abnormal Growth of Horn in Chronic Laminitis. 127. Diagram showing the same Abnormal Growth of Horn Removed prior to Shoeing. 128. Shoe with Heel-clip. 129. Internal Seedy-Toe. 130. External Seedy-Toe. (Colonel Nunn) 131. External Seedy-Toe. (Colonel Nunn) 132. A Keraphyllocele on the Inner Surface of the Horn of the Wall at the Toe. (Gutenacker) 133. Os Pedis showing Absorption of Bone caused by the Pressure of a Keraphyllocele. (Gutenacker) 134. Foot with Canker of the Frog and Heels. (Gutenacker) 135. Foot with Canker extending to the Wall. (Malcolm) 136. Foot with Advanced Canker. (Gutenacker) 137. Feet affected with Specific Coronitis. (Taylor) 138. Fore-foot with Specific Coronitis. (Taylor) 139. Excision of the Lateral Cartilage (Old Method). (Gutenacker) 140. Excision of the Lateral Cartilage. (After Moller and Frick). (Gutenacker) 141. Excision of the Lateral Cartilage. (After Bayer.) (Gutenacker) 142. Partial Excision of the Lateral Cartilage 143. Ossified Lateral Cartilages, or Side-bones. 144. Smith's Side-bone Saw (Old Pattern). 145. Smith's Side-bone Saw (Improved Pattern). 146. Smith's Hoof Plane. 147. Hodder's Hoof Chisel. 148. Foot showing the Grooves made in Smith's Operation for Side-bones (viewed from the Side). 149. Foot showing the Grooves made in Smith's Operation for Side-bones (viewed from Below). 150. Periostitis involving the Pedal and Navicular Bones. (Litt) 151. Periostitis involving the Pedal and Navicular Bones. (Litt) 152. Effects of Periostitis on the Os Pedis. (Smith) 153. Effects of Periostitis on the Os Pedis. (Smith) 154. Effects of Periostitis on the Os Pedis. (Jones) 155. Effects of Periostitis on the Os Pedis. (Jones) 156. Case of Buttress Foot. (Routledge) 157. Foot showing Fracture of the Pyramidal Process in a Case of Buttress Foot. (Routledge) 158. Fracture of the Os Coronæ. (Crawford) 159. Fracture of the Os Coronæ. (Crawford) 160. Fractured Os Pedis. (Freeman) 161. Navicular Bone showing Lesions of Navicular Disease. (Gutenacker) 162. Foot with the Seat of Navicular Disease exposed (showing Lesions). (Gutenacker) 163. Navicular Bone showing Lesions of Navicular Disease (a Case of Long-standing). (Gutenacker) 164. Frog Seton Needle. 165. Diagram showing Course of the Needle in Setoning the Frog.
The importance of that branch of veterinary surgery dealing with diseases of the horse's foot can hardly be overestimated. That the animal's usefulness is dependent upon his possession of four good feet is a fact that has long been recognised. Who, indeed, is there to be found entirely unacquainted with one or other of such well-known aphorisms as: 'Whoever hath charge of a horse's foot has the care of his whole body'; 'As well a horse with no head as a horse with no foot'; or the perhaps better known, and certainly more epigrammatic, 'No foot, no horse.'
Without taking these sayings literally, it will be admitted by almost everyone that they contain a vast amount of actual truth. This allowed, it at once becomes clear that a ready understanding of the diseases to which the foot is liable, the means of holding them in check, and the correct methods of treating them should figure largely in the knowledge at the command of the veterinary surgeon.
In the very great majority of instances the horse's ability to perform labour is the one thing that justifies his existence, and to that end the presence of four good, sound feet is an almost indispensable qualification. And yet how many circumstances do we see tending to militate against that one essential.
Even in colthood the foot, if neglected, may become a source of trouble. Unless periodically examined and properly trimmed, its shape is liable to serious alteration. From that in which it is best calculated to withstand the effects of the wear it will be called upon to endure in after life, it may become so changed for the worse as to seriously affect the animal's value.
In the matter of feeding, too, trouble is likely to ensue. Particularly is this the case where the colt shows points of exceptional merit. He is 'got up' for show, and the feet are likely to fall victims to the mismanagement that frequent exhibition so often carries with it. An extra allowance of peas, beans, wheat, or other equally injurious food is given. The result is a severe attack of laminitis, and an otherwise valuable and promising colt is permanently ruined.
Exposed as it is, too, to injury, the foot of a young horse, even at grass, is frequently the seat of injuries from picked up nails, stakes, or other agents which, unless detected and carefully treated, may terminate in a troublesome case of quittor and incurable lameness.
With the passing of colthood, and the coming into effect of the evils of further domestication, the troubles to which the foot is open become more numerous. Foremost among them will come those having their starting-point in errors of practice originating in the forge; for, in spite of attempts at their education, smiths, as a class, are as yet grievously unversed in even the elementary knowledge of the delicate construction of the member that is entrusted to their care.
This fact has been dilated on in books devoted to shoeing, and in the prefatory note to the last edition of Fleming's manual on this subject we find the following statement: 'The records of all humane societies show that, of prosecutions for cruelty to animals, an overwhelming majority refer to the horse; and of these, a large proportion are for working horses while suffering from lameness in one form or other.
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