Index of the Project Gutenberg Works of Immanuel Kant

THE CRITIQUE OF PURE REASON By Immanuel Kant Translated by J. M. D. Meiklejohn

CONTENTS Preface to the First Edition (1781) Preface to the Second Edition (1787) Introduction I. Of the difference between Pure and Empirical Knowledge II. The Human Intellect, even in an Unphilosophical State, is in Possession of Certain Cognitions "a priori". III. Philosophy stands in need of a Science which shall Determine the Possibility, Principles, and Extent of Human Knowledge "a priori" IV. Of the Difference Between Analytical and Synthetical Judgements. V. In all Theoretical Sciences of Reason, Synthetical Judgements "a priori" are contained as Principles. VI. The Universal Problem of Pure Reason. VII. Idea and Division of a Particular Science, under the Name of a Critique of Pure Reason.

I. Transcendental Doctrine of Elements First Part�TRANSCENDENTAL AESTHETIC � 1. Introductory SECTION I. OF SPACE � 2. Metaphysical Exposition of this Conception. � 3. Transcendental Exposition of the Conception of Space. � 4. Conclusions from the foregoing Conceptions. SECTION II. OF TIME � 5. Metaphysical Exposition of this Conception. � 6. Transcendental Exposition of the Conception of Time. � 7. Conclusions from the above Conceptions. � 8. Elucidation. � 9. General Remarks on Transcendental Aesthetic. � 10. Conclusion of the Transcendental Aesthetic. Second Part�TRANSCENDENTAL LOGIC Introduction. Idea of a Transcendental Logic I. Of Logic in General II. Of Transcendental Logic III. Of the Division of General Logic into Analytic and Dialectic IV. Of the Division of Transcendental Logic into Transcendental Analytic and Dialectic FIRST DIVISION�TRANSCENDENTAL ANALYTIC BOOK I. Analytic of Conceptions. � 2 Chapter I. Of the Transcendental Clue to the Discovery of all Pure Conceptions of the Understanding Introductory � 3 Section I. Of the Logical Use of the Understanding in General. � 4 Section II. Of the Logical Function of the Understanding in Judgements. � 5 Section III. Of the Pure Conceptions of the Understanding, or Categories. � 6 Chapter II. Of the Deduction of the Pure Conception of the Understanding Section I. Of the Principles of a Transcendental Deduction in general � 9 Transition to the Transcendental Deduction of the Categories. � 10 Section II Transcendental Deduction of the pure Conceptions of the Understanding. Of the Possibility of a Conjunction of the manifold representations given by Sense. � 11. Of the Originally Synthetical Unity of Apperception. � 12 The Principle of the Synthetical Unity of Apperception is the highest Principle of all exercise of the Understanding. � 13 What Objective Unity of Self-consciousness is. � 14 The Logical Form of all Judgements consists in the Objective Unity of Apperception of the Conceptions contained therein. � 15 All Sensuous Intuitions are subject to the Categories, as Conditions under which alone the manifold Content of them can be united in one Consciousness. � 16 Observation. � 17 In Cognition, its Application to Objects of Experience is the only legitimate use of the Category. � 18 Of the Application of the Categories to Objects of the Senses in general. � 20 Transcendental Deduction of the universally possible employment in experience of the Pure Conceptions of the Understanding. � 22 Result of this Deduction of the Conceptions of the Understanding. � 23 BOOK II. Analytic of Principles INTRODUCTION. Of the Transcendental Faculty of judgement in General. TRANSCENDENTAL DOCTRINE OF THE FACULTY OF JUDGEMENT OR, ANALYTIC OF PRINCIPLES. Chapter I. Of the Schematism at of the Pure Conceptions of the Understanding. Chapter II. System of all Principles of the Pure Understanding. Section I. Of the Supreme Principle of all Analytical Judgements. Section II. Of the Supreme Principle of all Synthetical Judgements. Section III. Systematic Representation of all Synthetical Principles of the Pure Understanding. Chapter III Of the Ground of the Division of all Objects into Phenomena and Noumena. APPENDIX. SECOND DIVISION�TRANSCENDENTAL LOGIC TRANSCENDENTAL DIALECTIC. INTRODUCTION. I. Of Transcendental Illusory Appearance. II. Of Pure Reason as the Seat of Transcendental Illusory Appearance. TRANSCENDENTAL DIALECTIC�BOOK I�OF THE CONCEPTIONS OF PURE REASON. Section I-Of Ideas in General. Section II. Of Transcendental Ideas. Section III. System of Transcendental Ideas. TRANSCENDENTAL DIALECTIC�BOOK II�OF THE DIALECTICAL PROCEDURE OF PURE REASON. Chapter I. Of the Paralogisms of Pure Reason. Chapter II. The Antinomy of Pure Reason. Section I. System of Cosmological Ideas. Section II. Antithetic of Pure Reason. Section III. Of the Interest of Reason in these Self-contradictions. Section IV. Of the necessity imposed upon Pure Reason of presenting a Solution of its Transcendental Problems. Section V. Sceptical Exposition of the Cosmological Problems presented in the four Transcendental Ideas. Section VI. Transcendental Idealism as the Key to theSolution of Pure Cosmological Dialectic. Section VII. Critical Solution of the Cosmological Problem. Section VIII. Regulative Principle of Pure Reason in relation to the Cosmological Ideas. Section IX. Of the Empirical Use of the Regulative Principle of Reason with regard to the Cosmological Ideas. I. Solution of the Cosmological Idea of the Totality of the Composition of Phenomena in the Universe. II. Solution of the Cosmological Idea of the Totality of the Division of a Whole given in Intuition. III. Solution of the Cosmological Idea of the Totality of the Deduction of Cosmical Events from their Causes. IV. Solution of the Cosmological Idea of the Totality of the Dependence of Phenomenal Existences. Chapter III. The Ideal of Pure Reason. Section I. Of the Ideal in General. Section II. Of the Transcendental Ideal (Prototypon Trancendentale). Section III. Of the Arguments employed by Speculative Reason in Proof of the Existence of a Supreme Being. Section IV. Of the Impossibility of an Ontological Proof of the Existence of God. Section V. Of the Impossibility of a Cosmological Proof of the Existence of God. Section VI. Of the Impossibility of a Physico-Theological Proof. Section VII. Critique of all Theology based upon Speculative Principles of Reason. Appendix. Of the Regulative Employment of the Ideas of Pure Reason.

II. Transcendental Doctrine of Method Chapter I. The Discipline of Pure Reason. Section I. The Discipline of Pure Reason in the Sphere of Dogmatism. Section II. The Discipline of Pure Reason in Polemics. Section III. The Discipline of Pure Reason in Hypothesis. Section IV. The Discipline of Pure Reason in Relation to Proofs. Chapter II. The Canon of Pure Reason. Section I. Of the Ultimate End of the Pure Use of Reason. Section II. Of the Ideal of the Summum Bonum as a Determining Ground of the Ultimate End of Pure Reason. Section III. Of Opinion, Knowledge, and Belief. Chapter III. The Architectonic of Pure Reason. Chapter IV. The History of Pure Reason.

THE CRITIQUE OF PRACTICAL REASON By Immanuel Kant 1788 Translated by Thomas Kingsmill Abbott

CONTENTS PREFACE. INTRODUCTION. Of the Idea of a Critique of Practical Reason. FIRST PART � ELEMENTS OF PURE PRACTICAL REASON. BOOK I. The Analytic of Pure Practical Reason. CHAPTER I. Of the Principles of Pure Practical Reason. I. DEFINITION. REMARK. II. THEOREM I. III. THEOREM II. REMARK I. REMARK II. IV. THEOREM II. REMARK. V. PROBLEM I. REMARK. VII. FUNDAMENTAL LAW OF THE PURE PRACTICAL REASON. REMARK. COROLLARY. REMARK. VIII. THEOREM IV. REMARK. REMARK II. Practical Material Principles of Determination taken as the Foundation of Morality, are: I. Of the Deduction of the Fundamental Principles of Pure II. Of the Right that Pure Reason in its Practical use has to an Extension which is not possible to it in its Speculative Use. CHAPTER II. Of the Concept of an Object of Pure Practical Reason. Table of the Categories of Freedom relatively to the Notions of Good Of the Typic of the Pure Practical Judgement. CHAPTER III. Of the Motives of Pure Practical Reason. Critical Examination of the Analytic of Pure Practical Reason. BOOK II. Dialectic of Pure Practical Reason. CHAPTER I. Of a Dialectic of Pure Practical Reason Generally. CHAPTER II. Of the Dialectic of Pure Reason in defining the Conception of the "Summum Bonum". I. The Antinomy of Practical Reason. II. Critical Solution of the Antinomy of Practical Reason. III. Of the Primacy of Pure Practical Reason in its Union with the Speculative Reason. IV. The Immortality of the Soul as a Postulate of Pure Practical Reason. V. The Existence of God as a Postulate of Pure Practical Reason. VI. Of the Postulates of Pure Practical Reason Generally. VII. How is it possible to conceive an Extension of Pure Reason in a Practical point of view, without its Knowledge as Speculative being enlarged at the same time? VIII. Of Belief from a Requirement of Pure Reason. IX. Of the Wise Adaptation of Man's Cognitive Faculties to his Practical Destination. SECOND PART. -- METHODOLOGY OF PURE PRACTICAL REASON. Methodology of Pure Practical Reason. CONCLUSION.

FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF THE METAPHYSIC OF MORALS By Immanuel Kant 1785 Translated by Thomas Kingsmill Abbott

CONTENTS PREFACE FIRST SECTION�TRANSITION FROM THE COMMON RATIONAL KNOWLEDGE OF MORALITY TO THE PHILOSOPHICAL SECOND SECTION�TRANSITION FROM POPULAR MORAL PHILOSOPHY TO THE METAPHYSIC OF MORALS The Autonomy of the Will as the Supreme Principle of Morality Heteronomy of the Will as the Source of all spurious Principles of Morality Classification of all Principles of Morality which can be founded on the Conception of Heteronomy THIRD SECTION�TRANSITION FROM THE METAPHYSIC OF MORALS TO THE CRITIQUE OF PURE PRACTICAL REASON The Concept of Freedom is the Key that explains the Autonomy of the Will Freedom must be presupposed as a Property of the Will of all Rational Beings Of the Interest attaching to the Ideas of Morality How is a Categorical Imperative Possible? Of the Extreme Limits of all Practical Philosophy. CONCLUDING REMARK

THE METAPHYSICAL ELEMENTS OF ETHICS By Immanuel Kant 1780 Translated by Thomas Kingsmill Abbott

CONTENTS PREFACE INTRODUCTION TO THE METAPHYSICAL ELEMENTS OF ETHICS I. Exposition of the Conception of Ethics II. Exposition of the Notion of an End which is also a Duty REMARK III. Of the Reason for conceiving an End which is also a Duty IV. What are the Ends which are also Duties? V. Explanation of these two Notions A. OUR OWN PERFECTION B. HAPPINESS OF OTHERS VI. Ethics does not supply Laws for Actions (which is done by Jurisprudence), but only for the Maxims of Action VII. Ethical Duties are of indeterminate, Juridical Duties of strict, Obligation VIII. Exposition of the Duties of Virtue as Intermediate Duties (1) OUR OWN PERFECTION as an end which is also a duty (2) HAPPINESS OF OTHERS as an end which is also a duty IX. What is a Duty of Virtue? X. The Supreme Principle of Jurisprudence was Analytical; that of Ethics is Synthetical XI. According to the preceding Principles, the Scheme of Duties of Virtue may be thus exhibited XII. Preliminary Notions of the Susceptibility of the Mind for Notions of Duty generally A. THE MORAL FEELING B. OF CONSCIENCE C. OF LOVE TO MEN XIII. General Principles of the Metaphysics of Morals in the treatment of Pure Ethics XIV. Of Virtue in General XV. Of the Principle on which Ethics is separated from Jurisprudence REMARKS Of the Doctrine of Virtue on the Principle Of Internal Freedom. XVI. Virtue requires, first of all, Command over Oneself XVII. Virtue necessarily presupposes Apathy (considered as Strength) REMARK ON CONSCIENCE