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Church History, Volume 3 is a scholarly reference that maps the development of Christianity from the early modern era through the nineteenth century. The work begins with a dense, numbered outline that catalogues topics such as the interplay of Catholicism and Protestantism, the rise of Lutheranism and Calvinism, and the myriad sects and movements that shaped religious life across Europe and beyond. Each section is further broken down into sub‑entries, covering everything from the restoration of Catholic orders in Germany to the theological disputes of the “Illumination” period, the politics of the Vatican Council, and the missionary enterprises in Asia, Africa, and the Americas. The opening pages therefore set the tone for a systematic, encyclopedic treatment of doctrinal, institutional, and cultural dimensions of church history.

The author, Johann Heinrich Kurtz, writes in the formal, academic prose typical of late‑nineteenth‑century German scholarship, with a meticulous attention to detail and an emphasis on cataloguing rather than narrative storytelling. Readers who appreciate exhaustive surveys, researchers tracing specific theological controversies, or anyone interested in the intricate web of denominational politics will find this volume a valuable resource. Its exhaustive structure and sober tone suit scholars, graduate students, and serious enthusiasts of ecclesiastical history.

The opening · free to read

§ 152. EAST AND WEST. (1) Roman Catholic Hopes. (2) Calvinistic Hopes. (3) Orthodox Constancy.

§ 153. CATHOLICISM AND PROTESTANTISM. (1) Conversions of Protestant Princes. (2) The Restoration in Germany and the Neighbouring States. (3) Livonia and Hungary. (4) The Huguenots in France. (5) The Waldensians in Piedmont. (6) The Catholics in England and Ireland. (7) Union Efforts. (8) The Lehnin Prophecy.

§ 154. LUTHERANISM AND CALVINISM. (1) Calvinizing of Hesse-Cassel, A.D. 1605-1646. (2) Calvinizing of Lippe, A.D. 1602. (3) The Elector of Brandenburg becomes Calvinist, A.D. 1613. (4) Union Attempts.

§ 155. ANGLICANISM AND PURITANISM. (1) The First Two Stuarts. (2) The Commonwealth and the Protector. (3) The Restoration and the Act of Toleration.

II. The Roman Catholic Church.

§ 156. THE PAPACY, MONKERY, AND FOREIGN MISSIONS. (1) The Papacy. (2) The Jesuits and the Republic of Venice. (3) The Gallican Liberties. (4) Galileo and the Inquisition. (5) The Controversy on the Immaculate Conception. (6) The Devotion of the Sacred Heart of Jesus. (7) New Congregations and Orders. 1. Benedictine Congregation of St. Banne. 2. Benedictine Congregation of St. Maur. 3. The Fathers of the Oratory of Jesus. 4. The Piarists. 5. The Order of the Visitation of Mary. (8) 6. The Priests of the Missions and Sisters of Charity. 7. The Trappists. 8. The English Nuns. (9) The Propaganda. (10) Foreign Missions. (11) In the East Indies. (12) In China. (13) Trade and Industry of the Jesuits. (14) An Apostate to Judaism.

§ 157. QUIETISM AND JANSENISM. (1) Francis de Sales and Madame Chantal. (2) Michael Molinos. (3) Madame Guyon and Fénelon. (4) Mysticism Tinged with Theosophy and Pantheism. (5) Jansenism in its first Stage.

§ 158. SCIENCE AND ART IN THE CATHOLIC CHURCH. (1) Theological Science. (2) Church History. (3) Art and Poetry.

III. The Lutheran Church.

§ 159. ORTHODOXY AND ITS BATTLES. (1) Christological Controversies. 1. The Cryptist and Kenotist Controversy. 2. The Lütkemann Controversy. (2) The Syncretist Controversy. (3) The Pietist Controversy in its First Stage. (4) Theological Literature. (5) Dogmatics.

§ 160. THE RELIGIOUS LIFE. (1) Mysticism and Asceticism. (2) Mysticism and Theosophy. (3) Sacred Song. (4) ---- Its 17th Century Transition. (5) Sacred Music. (6) The Christian Life of the People. (7) Missions.

IV. The Reformed Church.

§ 161. THEOLOGY AND ITS BATTLES. (1) Preliminaries of the Arminian Controversy. (2) The Arminian Controversy. (3) Consequences of the Arminian Controversy. (4) The Cocceian and Cartesian Controversies. (5) ---- Continued. (6) Theological Literature. (7) Dogmatic Theology. (8) The Apocrypha Controversy.

§ 162. THE RELIGIOUS LIFE. (1) England and Scotland. (2) ---- Political and Social Revolutionists. (3) ---- Devotional Literature. (4) The Netherlands. (5) ---- Voetians and Cocceians. (6) France, Germany, and Switzerland. (7) Foreign Missions.

V. Anti- and Extra-Ecclesiastical Parties.

§ 163. SECTS AND FANATICS. (1) The Socinians. (2) The Baptists of the Continent. 1. The Dutch Baptists. 2. The Moravian Baptists. (3) The English Baptists. (4) The Quakers. (5) ---- Continued. (6) The Quaker Constitution. (7) Labadie and the Labadists. (8) ---- Continued. (9) Fanatical Sects. (10) Russian Sects.

§ 164. PHILOSOPHERS AND FREETHINKERS. (1) Philosophy. (2) ---- Continued. (3) Freethinkers--England. (4) ---- Germany and France.

THIRD SECTION.

CHURCH HISTORY OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY.

I. The Catholic Church in East and West.

§ 165. THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH. (1) The Popes. (2) Old and New Orders. (3) Foreign Missions. (4) The Counter-Reformation. (5) In France. (6) Conversions. (7) The Second Stage of Jansenism. (8) The Old Catholic Church in the Netherlands. (9) Suppression of the Order of Jesuits, A.D. 1773. (10) Anti-hierarchical Movements in Germany and Italy. (11) Theological Literature. (12) In Italy. (13) The German-Catholic Contribution to the Illumination. (14) The French Contribution to the Illumination. (15) The French Revolution. (16) The Pseudo-Catholics--The Abrahamites or Bohemian Deists. (17) ---- The Frankists.

§ 166. THE ORIENTAL CHURCHES. (1) The Russian State Church. (2) Russian Sects. (3) The Abyssinian Church.

II. The Protestant Churches.

§ 167. THE LUTHERAN CHURCH BEFORE “THE ILLUMINATION.” (1) The Pietist Controversies after the Founding of the Halle University. (2) ---- Controversial Doctrines. (3) Theology. (4) Unionist Efforts. (5) Theories of Ecclesiastical Law. (6) Church Song. (7) Sacred Music. (8) The Christian Life and Devotional Literature. (9) Missions to the Heathen.

§ 168. THE CHURCH OF THE MORAVIAN BRETHREN. (1) The Founder of the Moravian Brotherhood. (2) The Founding of the Brotherhood. (3) The Development of the Brotherhood down to Zinzendorf’s Death, A.D. 1727-1760. (4) Zinzendorf’s Plan and Work. (5) Numerous Extravagances. (6) Zinzendorf’s Greatness. (7) The Brotherhood under Spangenberg’s Administration. (8) The Doctrinal Peculiarities of the Brotherhood. (9) The Peculiarities of Worship among the Brethren. (10) Christian Life of the Brotherhood. (11) Missions to the Heathen.

§ 169. THE REFORMED CHURCH BEFORE THE “ILLUMINATION.” (1) The German Reformed Church. (2) The Reformed Church in Switzerland. (3) The Dutch Reformed Church. (4) Methodism. (5) ---- Continued. (6) Theological Literature.

§ 170. NEW SECTS AND FANATICS. (1) Fanatics and Separatists in Germany. (2) The Inspired Societies in Wetterau. (3) J. C. Dippel. (4) Separatists of Immoral Tendency. (5) Swedenborgianism. (6) New Baptist Sects. (7) New Quaker Sects. (8) Predestinarian-Mystical Sects.

§ 171. RELIGION, THEOLOGY, AND LITERATURE OF THE “ILLUMINATION.” (1) Deism, Arianism, and Unitarianism in the English Church. 1. The Deists. 2. The So-called Arians. 3. The Later Unitarians. (2) Freemasons. (3) The German “Illumination.” 1. Its Precursors. (4) 2. The Age of Frederick the Great. (5) 3. The Wöllner Reaction. (6) The Transition Theology. (7) The Rationalistic Theology. (8) Supernaturalism. (9) Mysticism and Theosophy. (10) The German Philosophy. (11) The German National Literature. (12) Pestalozzi.

§ 172. CHURCH LIFE IN THE PERIOD OF THE “ILLUMINATION.” (1) The Hymnbook and Church Music. (2) Religious Characters. (3) Religious Sects. (4) The Rationalistic “Illumination” outside of Germany. (5) Missionary Societies and Missionary Enterprise.

FOURTH SECTION.

CHURCH HISTORY OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY.

I. General and Introductory.

§ 173. SURVEY OF RELIGIOUS MOVEMENTS OF NINETEENTH CENTURY.

§ 174. NINETEENTH CENTURY CULTURE IN RELATION TO CHRISTIANITY AND THE CHURCH. (1) The German Philosophy. (2) ---- Continued. (3) The Sciences; Medicine. (4) Jurists; Historians; Geography; Philology. (5) National Literature--Germany. (6) ---- Continued. (7) ---- Other Countries. (8) Popular Education. (9) Art. (10) Music and the Drama.

§ 175. INTERCOURSE AND NEGOTIATIONS BETWEEN THE CHURCHES. (1) Romanizing Tendencies among Protestants. (2) The Attitude of Catholicism toward Protestantism. (3) Romish Controversy. (4) Roman Catholic Union Schemes. (5) Greek Orthodox Union Schemes. (6) Old Catholic Union Schemes. (7) Conversions. (8) ---- The Mortara Affair. (9) ---- Other Conversions. (10) The Luther Centenary, A.D. 1883.

II. Protestantism in General.

§ 176. RATIONALISM AND PIETISM. (1) Rationalism. (2) Pietism. (3) The Königsberg Religious Movement, A.D. 1835-1842. (4) The Bender Controversy.

§ 177. EVANGELICAL UNION AND LUTHERAN SEPARATION. (1) The Evangelical Union. (2) The Lutheran Separation. (3) The Separation within the Separation.

§ 178. EVANGELICAL CONFEDERATION. (1) The Gustavus Adolphus Society. (2) The Eisenach Conference. (3) The Evangelical Alliance. (4) The Evangelical Church Alliance. (5) The Evangelical League.

§ 179. LUTHERANISM, MELANCHTHONIANISM, AND CALVINISM. (1) Lutheranism within the Union. (2) Lutheranism outside of the Union. (3) Melanchthonianism and Calvinism.

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