Nineteen Centuries of Drink in England: A History

EDINBURGH: PRINTED BY LORIMER AND GILLIES, 31 ST. ANDREW SQUARE.

PREFACE.

The earlier part of this slight contribution to the literature of an inexhaustible subject has already appeared in a series of numbers in a London weekly journal. The best acknowledgment of the writer is due to the Rev. ARTHUR RICHARD SHILLITO, M.A. (late Scholar of Trinity College, Cambridge), who has from time to time during the progress of this work most kindly furnished him with valuable notes.

INTRODUCTION.

The object of this work is to ascertain the part which Drink has played in the individual and national life of the English people. To this end, an inquiry is instituted into the beverages which have been in use, the customs in connection with their use, the drinking vessels in vogue, the various efforts made to control or prohibit the use, sale, manufacture, or importation of strong drink, whether proceeding from Church, or State, or both: the connection of the drink traffic with the revenue, together with incidental notices of banquets, feasts, the pledging of healths, and other relevant matter.

It must interest every thoughtful being to know how our national life and national customs have come to be what they are. They have not sprung up in a night like a mushroom. They have been forming for ages. Each day has contributed something. The great river of social life, ever flowing onward to the ocean of eternity, has been constantly fed by the tributaries of necessity, appetite, fashion, fancy, vanity, caprice, and imitation. Man is a bundle of habits and customs.

With some, it is true, life is mere routine, a round of conventionalities; literally ‘one day telleth another;’ with others, each day is a reality, has its fresh plan, is a rational item in the account of life. To these nothing is without its meaning; there is a definiteness, a precision, about its hours of action, of thought, of diversion, of ministering to the bodily claims of sustenance by eating and drinking. Around the latter, social life has fearfully encircled itself. The world was, and still is,--

‘On hospitable thoughts intent.’

The latter days are but a repetition of the former. ‘As it was ... so shall it be also. They did eat, they drank.’

Social life is intimately connected with the social or festive board; in short, with eating and drinking, because these are a necessity of nature. Other customs and habits may be fleeting, but men must eat, men must drink. Food ministers not only to the principle of life, but to that of brain force also. Thought is stimulated, activity is excited, man becomes communicable. He then seeks society and enjoys it. Thus has social intercourse gathered round the social board. Eating and drinking are two indispensable factors in dealing with the history of a nation’s social life. Adopting the adage by way of accommodation, ‘In vino veritas,’ truth is out when wine is in, once know the entire history of a nation’s drinking, and you have important materials for gauging that nation’s social life.

For obvious reasons, a division has been adopted of the subject into periods, in some respects artificial so far as the present inquiry is concerned. The Romano-British period has been selected as the terminus a quo. It might have been speculatively interesting to penetrate further into the arcana of the past, to have inquired who were the earliest inhabitants of this country? Were they aborigines, natives of the soil, or were they colonists? Had they an independent tribal existence, or were they originally a part of that great Asiatic family who emigrated into and peopled Western Europe, and to whom the Romans gave the name of Gauls?

Had such an inquiry been relevant, the question would have been of immense importance; for drawing, as one must, considerably upon imagination in dealing with any period not strictly historic, one must either regard the primitive inhabitants as independent aborigines, and accommodate their supplies to their wants, or, regarding them as an offshoot from another nation, suppose them to have carried with them the customs of their parent tribe, and find the sought-for habits of the child in the ascertained habits of the parent.

But we are concerned with fact; and must therefore date from a period when facts, however meagre and involved, are forthcoming.

A chapter of Bibliography is appended for the benefit of any who might wish to prosecute a study, of which the present effort is a mere outline.

A CONTRIBUTION TO THE BIBLIOGRAPHY OF DRINK.

--------------------+---------------------------------------+------- Author. | Title of Work. | Date. --------------------+---------------------------------------+------- Accum, F. |_Adulterations of Food_ | 1820 Ackroyd, W. |_History and Science of Drunkenness_ | 1883 Adair, R. G. |_The Question of the Times_ | 1869 Agg-Gardner, J. T. |_Compulsory Temperance_ (Fortnightly) | 1884 Alcock, Rev. T. |_Observations on ... a late Act of | 1756 | Parliament_ | Alford, S. S. |_On Drink-Craving_ | 1875 Ames, R. |_Bacchanalian Sessions_ | 1693 Anderson, A. |_Trade and Commerce_ | 1762 Anstie, Dr. F. E. |_Stimulants and Narcotics_ | 1864 ” ” |_On the Uses of Wines_ | 1877 Armstrong, Dr. J. |_The Art of Preserving Health_ | 1744 Arnold, R. A. |_English Drunkenness_ | 1877 Ashton, J. |_Old Times_ | 1885 Assheton, Dr. W. |_A Discourse against Drunkenness_ | 1692 Arthur, T. S. |_Ten Nights in a Bar-Room_ | 1871 Aspin, J. |_A Picture of the Manners, &c._ | 1825 Atkinson, F. P. |_A Cause of Alcoholism_ | 1879 Austin, Major |_Cup Draining._ (Bristol Magazine) | 1857 | | Bacon, G. W. |_Alcohol at the Bar_ | 1878 Baker, W. R. |_The Curse of Britain_ | 1840 ” ” |_Intemperance the Idolatry of Great | 1851 | Britain_ | Barnaby, A. |_Proposals for laying a Duty on Malt_ | 1696 Barber, M. A. S. |_Bartholomew Faire_ | 1641 Barclay, Dr. J. |_Ale, Wine, Spirits_ | 1861 Barrow, J. H. |_Temperance and Teetotalism_ | 1845 Barry, Sir E. |_Observations on the Wines of the | 1775 | Ancients_ | Basil, S. |_Homilia Contra Ebrios_ | -- Bayly, Mrs. |_Ragged Homes_ | 1860 --------------------+---------------------------------------+------- Author. | Title of Work. | Date. --------------------+---------------------------------------+------- Baynes, C. R. |_Two Discourses on Sickness of Wine_ | 1669 Beale, J. |_A Treatise of Cyder_ | 1665 Beardsall, F. |_Nature and Properties of Wines_ | 1839 Beaumont, Dr. T. |_A Lecture on Ardent Spirits_ | 1830 Beddoes, Dr. T. |_A Guide for Self-Preservation_ | 1793 Beecher, Dr. Lyman |_Sermons on Intemperance_ | 1826 Beggs, T. |_Dear Bread and Wasted Grain_ | 1856 Bell, Dr. J. |_Action of Spirituous Liquors_ | 1791 Bennet, Dr. D. W. |_Alcohol: Use and Abuse_ | 1883 Bernard, S. |_De Ordine Vitæ_ | -- Bickerdyke, J. |_Curiosities of Ale and Beer_ | -- Bradley, R. |_The Riches of the Hop Garden_ | 1729 Brewster, J. |_The Evils of Drunkenness_ | 1832 Bridgett, T. E. |_The Discipline of Drink_ | 1876 Brown, Dr. A. |_Advice respecting Water Drinking_ | 1707 Browne, Sir T. |_Pseudodoxia Epidemica_ | 1646 Browne, Dr. Peter |_Discourse of Drinking Healths_ | 1716 ” ” |_Of Drinking in Remembrance of the | 1715 | Dead_ | Bruce, E. |_Digest of Evidence before the | 1835 | Committee of Parliament_ | Brunton, Dr. L. |_The Influence of Stimulants_ | 1883 Burgh, J. |_A Warning to Dram Drinkers_ | 1751 Burn, J. H. |_Descriptive Catalogue of London | 1855 | Traders_ | Burne, Peter |_The Teetotallers Companion_ | 1847 Burns, Dr. D. |_Drink, Drunkenness and the Drink | 1862 | Traffic_ | ” ” |_The Bible and Total Abstinence_ | 1869 ” ” |_The Bases of Temperance Reform_ | 1872 ” ” |_Christendom and the Drink Curse_ | 1875 Buckingham, J. S. |_Evidence on Drunkenness_ | 1834 ” ” |_Earnest Plea for the Reign of | 1851 | Temperance_ | ” ” |_History and Progress of the Temperance| 1854 | Reformation_ | Bucknill, J. C. |_Habitual Drunkenness_ | 1878 Bury, E. |_The Deadly Danger of Drunkenness_ | 1671 Butler, W. R. |_The Idolatry of Britain_ | -- ” ” |_The Curse of Britain_ | 1838 Buxton, C. |_How to stop Drunkenness_ (North | 1855 | British Review) | | | Caine, W. |_Thoughts on Wines and Temperance_ | 1882 Capil |_On the Laws of Drunkenness_ | -- Carlysle, Dr. A. |_Pernicious Effects of Liquors_ | 1810 ” ” |_Moral Influence of Fermented Liquors_ | 1837 Carpenter, Dr. W. B.|_Use and Abuse of Alcoholic Liquors_ | 1851 ” ” |_The Moderate Use, &c._ | 1853 --------------------+---------------------------------------+------- Author. | Title of Work. | Date. --------------------+---------------------------------------+------- | | Carpenter, Dr. W. B.|_Physiology of Temperance_ | 1853 Carpenter, Dr. A. |_Alcoholic Drinks not Necessaries_ | 1882 Chadwick, Sir E. |_Various Reports, Speeches, &c., dating| 1842 | from_ | Chadwick, Dr. J. |_An Essay on Alcoholic Liquors_ | 1849 Charleton, Dr. |_Mystery of Vintners_ | 1692 Child, S. |_Every Man his own Brewer_ | 1797 Christison, Sir R. |_A Treatise on Poisons_ | 1829 ” ” |_The Habit of Intemperance_ | 1861 Clark, Sir Andrew |_Alcohol in Small Doses_ | 1881 ” ” |_An Enemy of the Race_ | 1882 Clarke, S. |_The British Gauger_ | 1762 Close, Dean |_Why I have taken the Pledge_ | 1860 Collier, J. P. |_Collection of Ordinances_ | 1790 Collinson, J. |_Crack Club_ | 1858 ” |_The Gaol Cradle_ | 1875 Confalonarius, J. B.|_De Vini Naturâ_ | 1535 Conybeare, W. J. |_Social Essays_ | 1855 Cornwalleys, H. |_The Law of Drinking_ | 1705 Cornaro, L. |_De Vitæ Sobriæ Commodis_ | 1678 Coryn, H. A. W. |_Moral and Physical Advantages of | 1888 | Total Abstinence_ | Couling, S. |_The Traffic in Intoxicating Drinks_ | 1855 ” |_History of the Temperance Movement_ | 1862 ” |_Teetotalism v. Alcohol_ | 1863 Crane, J. T. |_The Arts of Intoxication_ | 1877 Crespi, Dr. A. |_Various Essays and Lectures, dating | 1870 | from_ | Cruikshank, G. |_The Bottle_ | 1847 ” |_A Sequel to The Bottle_ | 1848 ” |_The Glass_ | 1853 | | Daniel, Geo. |_Merrie England in ye Olden Time_ | 1842 ” |_Democritus in London_ | 1852 Darby, C. |_Bacchanalia_ | 1680 Deacon |_The Innkeeper’s Album_ | 1823 Dearden, J. |_Short Account of Drunkenness_ | 1840 Decker, Th. |_The Gull’s Horne-booke_ | 1609 ” |_English Villaines Prest to Death_ | 1632 Defoe, Dan. |_The Poor Man’s Plea_ | 1698 De Laune |_Present State of London_ | 1681 Denham, Sir J. |_Calf’s Head Club_ | 1713 Dewhurst, W. H. |_Physiology of Drunkenness_ | 1838 Dickson, Dr. |_Fallacies of the Faculty_ | 1839 Digby, Sir K. |_Closet Opened_ | 1677 Disney, John. |_View of Ancient Laws against | 1710 | Immorality_ | Doran, Dr. |_Table Traits_ | 1854 Dossie, R. |_On Spirituous Liquors_ | 1770 --------------------+---------------------------------------+------- Author. | Title of Work. | Date. --------------------+---------------------------------------+------- Downham, John |_Disswasion from Drunkenness_ | 1613 Druik, Dr. L. |_Cheap Wines_ | 1865 Duncan, Dr. |_Wholesome Advice_ | 1706 Dunckley, H. |_The Shame and the Glory of Britain_ | 1849 Dunlop, J. |_National Intemperance_ | 1828 ” |_The Wine System of Great Britain_ | 1831 ” |_Philosophy of Drinking Usages_ | 1839 | | Earle, John |_Microcosmographie_ | 1628 Edgar, John |_Drinks of the Hebrews_ | 1837 Edmunds, Dr. J. |_Non-Alcoholic Treatment_ | 1876 ” |_Alcoholic Drinks as Diet_ | 1879 Edwards, Edwin |_Collection of Old English Inns_ | 1873 Edwards, Henry |_Charities and Old English Customs_ | 1842 Ellis, Mrs |_A Voice from the Vintage_ | 1843 ” |_Pictures of Private Life_ | 1844 Ellison, Canon |_The Church Temperance Movement_ | 1878 Esquiroz, Alphonze |_The English at Home_ | -- Evelyn, John |_Tyrannus; Sumptuary Laws_ | 1661 | | Fairholt, F. W. |_Lord Mayor’s Pageants_ | 1843 Farrar, Archdeacon |_Numerous Lectures, Articles, &c._ | -- Fleetwood, Bishop |_Chronicon Preciosum_ | 1707 Flower, R. |_Observations on Beer_ | 1802 Forbes, Sir J. |_Temperance: An Enquiry_ | 1847 Forster, Dr. T. |_Physiological Reflections_ | 1812 Fosbroke, T. D. |_British Monachism_ | 1817 Fredericus, J. |_De Ritu Bibendi_ | -- Freeman, G. |_Exhortation from Drunkenness_ | 1663 French, R. V. |_History of Toasting_ | 1881 ” |_Personal Advantages of Abstinence_ | 1878 Frinus, D. |_Spirits and Wine Offending Man’s | 1668 | Body_ | Friscolinus |_In Ebrietat_ | -- | | Gairdner, Dr. W. E. |_On Alcoholic Stimulants_ | 1861 Gale, Rev. H. |_Apostolic Temperance_ | 1856 Garbult, R. |_A Sober Testimony_ | 1675 Gascoigne, G. |_The Pryncelye Pleasure at Kenilworth_ | 1576 ” |_The Steele Glas, a Satyre_ | 1576 Gay, John |_Poem on Wine_ | 1727 Gayton, Edmund |_Art of Longevity_ | 1659 Geree, John |_Potion for the Cure of Unnatural | 1648 | Health-Drinking_ | Gesner, C. |_Contra Luxum Conviviorum_ | -- Gibson, E. |_Earnest Dissuasive_ | 1750 Gilmore, A. |_Our Drinks_ | 1856 Gladstone, Rev. G. |_Good Templarism_ | 1873 Godschall, W. M. |_Monitions concerning Ale-house | 1787 | Keepers_ | --------------------+---------------------------------------+------- Author. | Title of Work. | Date. --------------------+---------------------------------------+------- Goodwin, M. |_An Address to the Nobility on | 1819 | Distillation_ | Googe, B. |_Noageorgus_ | 1570 Gough, J. B. |_Autobiography of_ | 1879 ” |_Orations_ | 1886 Gratarolus, W. |_De Vini Naturâ_ | 1565 Greenfield, W. S. |_Alcohol, its Use and Abuse_ | 1878 Greenwood, J. |_The Seven Curses of London_ | -- Greenwood, E. |_Lectures on Intemperance_ | 1837 Grier, R. M. |_Numerous Pamphlets, Articles, &c._ |1870-89 Grindrod, R. B. |_Bacchus_ | 1839 Grose, F. |_Worn out Characters of the Last Age_ | -- Gunning, H. |_Reminiscences of Cambridge from 1780_ | -- Gustafson, Axel |_The Foundation of Death_ | 1884 Gutch, J. |_Collectanea Curiosa_ | 1781 Guthrie, Dr. T. |_A Plea for Drunkards_ | -- Guy, Dr. |_Intemperance_ (Weekly Record) | 1857 | | Hales, S. |_The Unwholesomeness of Liquors_ | 1750 Hall, Thomas |_Funebria Floræ_ | 1660 Hall, J. |_Drink Thirst: Its Treatment_ | 1880 Harris, R. |_The Drunkard’s Cup_ | 1635 Harris, Dr. Sylvanus|_Inebriety_ | 1872 Harwood, Dr. E. |_Of Temperance and Intemperance_ | 1774 Haynes, M. |_Against Drunkenness_ | 1701 Heath, Benjamin |_The Case of the County of Devon_ | -- Henderson, Dr. A. |_History of Ancient and Modern Wines_ | 1824 Henry, Rev. W. |_Earnest Addresses against Drinking, | 1761 | &c._ | Heslop, T. P. |_The Abuse of Alcohol_ | 1872 ” |_Our Drinking Customs_ | 1878 Heywood, Thomas |_London Harbour of Health_ | 1635 ” ” |_The Marriage Triumph_ | 1613 ” ” |_Philocothonista; or, The Drunkard | 1635 | Opened_ | ” ” |_London Speculum_ | 1637 Higginbottom, J. |_On the Treatment of Disease without | 1862 | Stimulants_ (Brit. Med. Journ., Vol. | | II.) | Hill, J. |_Friendly Warnings_ v. Drunkenness | 1831 Hingeston, H. |_Dreadful Alarm_ | 1703 Hobson |_Household Expenses of Sir John | 1466 | Howard_ | Hodgkin, Dr. |_Promoting Health_ | 1835 Hone, W. |_Everyday Book. Year Book_ | 1825 Hopkins, W. B. |_H. Sc. Temperance_ | 1871 Hornby, W. |_The Scourge of Drunkenness_ | 1614 Horsely, J. |_Toxicologist’s Guide_ | 1866 Horsely, J. W. |_Numerous Articles, Lectures, &c._ |1875-89 Hospinianus |_De Festis Christianorum_ | 1593 --------------------+---------------------------------------+------- Author. | Title of Work. | Date. --------------------+---------------------------------------+------- Hoyle, W. |_Intemperance and Crime_ | 1864 ” |_Total Abstinence_ | 1874 ” |_Our National Drink Bill_ |1884, &c. Howard, C. |_The Touchstone of Adulteration_ | -- Hudson, Thomas |_Numerous Articles, Lectures, &c._ |1849-89 Hughes, W. |_Complete Vineyard_ | 1665 Husenbeth |_Guide to the Wine-cellar_ | -- Huss |_Alcoholismus Chronicus_ | 1851 | | Ingestre, Viscount |_Meliora; or, Better Times_ | 1852 ” ” |_Ancient Laws and Customs of the | -- | Burghs_ | Inwards, J. |_Essays on Temperance_ | 1849 | | Jeaffreson, J. C. |_A Book about the Table_ | 1875 Jeffreys, Archibald |_The Religious Objections_ | 1840 ” ” |_Alcoholic Wines_ | 1845 Jenkins, E. |_The Devil’s Chain_ | 1876 Jerrold, D. |_Cakes and Ale_ | 1852 Johnson, J. |_Laws and Canons_ | 1720 Jole, W. |_Warning to Drunkards_ | 1680 Jones, A. |_The Dreadful Character of a Drunkard_ | 1660 Junius, R. |_The Drunkard’s Character_ | 1638 | | Kempe, A. J. |_Losely MSS. Illustrative of English | 1835 | Manners_ | Kennet, Bishop |_Parochial Antiquities_ | 1695 Kerr, Dr. N. |_The Action of Alcoholic Liquors_ | 1876 ” |_Intemperance and its Remedy_ | 1878 ” |_Diseases from Alcohol_ | 1882 ” |_The Truth about Alcohol_ | 1884 ” |_Numerous Articles and Lectures_ | -- Kester |_De immoderatâ Adbibendi consuetudine_ | -- Kirton, J. W. |_Intoxicating Drinks_ | 1879 Knight, T. |_Pomona Herefordiensis_ | 1809 | | Lacey, W. J. |_The Case for Total Abstinence_ | 1889 Lamb, C. |_Essays of Elia_ | 1833 Lambarde, W. |_Lamentable Complaints_ | 1641 Lankester, Dr. E. |_On Food_ | 1861 Larwood, J. |_History of Signboards_ | 1866 Lees, Dr. F. R. |_History of the Wine Question_ | 1840 ” ” |_Essays on the Temperance Question_ | 1853 ” ” |_Agreement for Legislative Prohibition_| 1856 ” ” |_Science Temperance Text Book, &c., | 1884 | &c._ | Lawson, Sir W. |_Numerous Articles, Lectures, | -- | Parliamentary Speeches, &c._ | Lemerry, L. |_Treatise of Foods and Drinkables_ | 1745 | (Translated by Dr. D. Hay) | --------------------+---------------------------------------+------- Author. | Title of Work. | Date. --------------------+---------------------------------------+------- Levi, Leone |_On the Wine Trade and Duties_ | 1866 ” ” |_Consumption of Spirits_ | 1872 Levison, J. L. |_Hereditary Tendency of Drunkenness_ | 1839 Lewis, David |_Britain’s Social State_ | 1872 ” ” |_The Drink Problem, and its Solution_ | 1883 Lightbody, J. |_The Gauger’s Companion_ | 1694 Livesey, J. |_Lecture on Malt Liquor_ | 1832 ” |_Reminiscences_ | 1867 Lucas, Dr. T. P. |_The Laws of Life and Alcohol_ | 1877 Lupton, D. |_The Country Carbonadoed_ | 1632 Lash, W. J. H. |_Chronic Alcoholism_ | 1873 | | Macdonald, G. B. |_Apology for the Disuse of Alcohol_ | 1841 Macnish, R. |_Anatomy of Drunkenness_ | 1834 Macpherson, D. |_Annals of Commerce_ | 1805 Macrae, D. |_Dunvarlich_ | -- Madox, T. |_History of the Exchequer_ | 1769 Madden, F. |_Privy Purse Expenses of Queen Mary_ | 1831 Madden, R. H. |_Stimulating Drinks_ | 1847 Maffei, Scipio |_De Compotationibus Academicis_ | -- Maguire, J. F. |_Father Mathew_ | 1863 Malcolm, J. P. |_Manners and Customs of London_ | 1811 Maltman, J. |_Teetotalism_ | 1889 Marchant, W. T. |_The Praise of Ale_ | 1888 Marcet, W. |_On Chronic Alcoholic Intoxication_ | 1862 Markham, J. |_English Housewife_ | 1683 Martyndale, H. F. |_Analysis of the Calendar_ | -- Mayor, Prof. |_Modicus Cibi_ | 1880 J. E. B. | | Miller, Rev. J. |_The Coffeehouse_ | 1737 Miller, Dr. J. |_Alcohol, its Place and Power_ | 1861 Mills, J. |_The Merrie Days of England_ | 1859 Misson, M. |_Memoirs and Observations_ | 1719 Morewood, S. |_History of Inebriating Liquors_ | 1838 Moxon, H. E. |_The Laws Affecting Publicans_ | -- Mudie, R. |_Babylon the Great_ | 1824 Mudge, Dr. H. |_Nature and Obligations of Temperance_ | 1862 Muirhead, J. P. |_Drinking Songs_ | 1875 Mulder, Prof. C. J. |_Chemistry of Wine_ | 1857 Munroe, Dr. H. |_Alcohol not Food_ | 1867 Myrc, John |_Liber Festivalis_ | -- | | Nash, Th. |_Pierce Pennilesse_ | 1595 Nichols, John |_The Progresses of Queen Elizabeth, | 1788 | James I., &c._ | ” ” |_Illustrations of Manners and | -- | Expenses_ | Nichols, J. G. |_London Pageants_ | 1837 Norris, Edw. |_Establishment of the Household of H. | 1770 | Algernon Percy_ --------------------+---------------------------------------+------- Author. | Title of Work. | Date. --------------------+---------------------------------------+------- Nott, Dr. |_Lectures_ | 1863 | | Obsopœus, Vinc. |_De Arte Bibendi_ | 1578 Oinophilos, Bon. |_(Pseud) Praise of Drunkenness_ | 1812 Osborne, S. J. |_Hints for the Amelioration, &c._ | 1841 | | Page, Th. |_An Earnest Appeal on the Effects of | 1846 | Beer-houses_ | Paris, Dr. J. A. |_On Diet_ | 1837 Paris, M. |_Paradise of Dainty Devices_ | 1576 Parkes, Dr. E. A. |_Public Health_ | 1876 Parsons, Benj. |_Anti-Bacchus_ | 1840 Partridge, S. |_An Admonition to the Keepers of | -- | Inns_ | Pasquil |_Palinodia and his Progress to the | 1634 | Tavern_ | Peacham, T. |_The Art of Living in London_ | 1642 Pegge, S. |_The Form of Cury_ | 1780 ” |_Introduction and Condition of the | -- | Vine in England_ (Arch. i. 319) | Pengelly, W. |_Signs of Hotels, &c._ | -- Phelps, C. |_A Caveat against Drunkenness_ | 1676 Phillips, J. |_Cyder_ | 1708 Pigot, J. M. B. |_De Morbis Ebriosorum_ | 1807 Poole, T. |_Treatise on Strong Beer_ | 1785 Powell, J. |_The Assyse of Ale_ | -- Powell, F. |_Bacchus Dethroned_ | 1870 Porphyry |_De Abstinentia_ | -- Pulman, J. P. R. |_Book of the Axe_ | 1841 Prynne, W. |_Healthe’s Sicknesse_ | 1628 ” |_Pymlico; or Runne Red Cap_ | 1609 | | Rae, Rob. |_Handbook of Temperance History_ | -- Randall, Th. |_Arislippus_ | 1652 ” |_The Virtues of a Pot of Good Ale_ | 1642 Reade, A. A. |_Study and Stimulants_ | 1883 Redding, C. |_History and Description of Modern | 1833 | Wines_ | Reeve, Th. |_God’s Plea for Nineveh_ | 1657 Reid, W. |_The Evils of Modern Drinking_ | 1850 ” |_Temperance Cyclopædia_ | 1851 ” |_Our National Vice_ | 1858 Reid, Th. |_Intemperance Considered_ | 1850 Ricket, E. |_Gentleman’s Table Guide_ | 1873 Rich, Barnaby |_The Irish Hubbub_ | 1617 Richardson, Dr. |_On Alcohol_ (Cantor Lectures) | 1875 B. W. | | ” ” |_Researches on Alcohol_ | 1877 ” ” |_Total Abstinence_ | 1878 ” ” |_Dialogues on Drink_ | 1878 --------------------+---------------------------------------+------- Author. | Title of Work. | Date. --------------------+---------------------------------------+------- Richardson, Dr. |_Drink and Strong Drink_ | 1882 B. W. | | ” ” |_Asclepiad_, passim |1884-9 Rigby, J. |_The Drunkard’s Perspective_ | 1656 Ridge, Dr. J. |_The Temperance Primer_ | 1879 ” ” |_Non-Alcoholic Treatments_ | 1889 Ritchie, W. |_Scripture Testimony_ | 1874 Robson, W. |_De Effect Vini et Spiritus_ | 1803 Roberts, G. |_Social History of the Southern | 1856 | Counties_ | Rosewell, H. |_Religious Revel_ | 1711 Russell, A. G. |_Drinking and Disease_ | 1868 Russom, J. |_Evil Effects of Beer-shops_ | 1849 Rye, W. B. |_England as seen by Foreigners_ | 1865 Rymer, Thomas |_Roxburghe Revels_ | 1834 | | Samuelson, J. |_The History of Drink_ | 1878 ” |_Beer Scientifically and Socially | 1870 | Considered_ | Scrivener, M. |_A Treatise against Drunkenness_ | 1685 Sedgwick, J. A. |_New Treatise on Liquors_ | 1725 Shannon, Dr. |_On Brewing and Distillation_ | 1805 Sharman, H. R. |_A Cloud of Witnesses_ | 1884 Shaw, T. G. |_Wine_ | 1864 Sheen, J. R. |_Wines and other Fermented Liquors_ | 1864 Sherlock, F. |_Shakespeare on Temperance, &c._ | 1882 Sinclair, Sir J. |_History of Revenue_ | 1785 Smith, Albert |_Wassail-Bowl_ | 1843 ” ” |_A Bowl of Punch_ | 1848 Smith, Dr. Edward |_Action of Tea and Alcohol_ | 1860 ” ” |_The Action of Alcohol_ | 1862 | (Journ. Soc. Arts) | ” ” |_On the Action of Foods_ | 1859 Smith, J. |_The Temperance Reformation_ | 1875 Speechly, W. |_The Culture of the Vine_ | 1790 Strenock, J. |_God’s Sword drawn against Drunkards_ | 1677 Strutt, J. |_Horda_ | 1774 Stubs, P. |_The Anatomie of Abuses_ | 1583 Stuckins |_De Antiquorum Conviviis_ | -- Symonds, J. A. |_Wine, Women, and Song_ | 1884 | | Taylor, John |_Drinke and Welcome_ | 1637 ” ” |_A Relation of the Wine Taverns_ | 1636 ” ” |_Drunkenness an indirect Cause of | 1860 | Crime_ | Teare, J. |_The Principle of Total Abstinence_ | 1846 Terrington, W. |_Cooling Cups_ | 1880 Thomson, Thomas |_Diet for a Drunkard_ | 1612 Thomson, Dr. S. |_Use and Abuse of Alcoholic Liquor_ | 1850 Thorpe, B. |_Ancient Laws and Institutes_ | 1840 Thrupp, J. |_The Anglo-Saxon Home_ | 1862 Thudichum, J. L. W. |_On the Origin, Nature, &c., of Wine_ | 1872 --------------------+---------------------------------------+------- Author. | Title of Work. | Date. --------------------+---------------------------------------+------- | | Timbs, John |_Clubs and Club Life_ | 1872 Tomline |_Monastic and Social Life_ | -- Tovey, C. |_Wit ... distilled from Bacchus_ | 1878 ” |_British and Foreign Spirits_ | 1864 Trotter, Dr. T. |_Essay on Drunkenness_ | 1804 Tryon, Dr. T. |_The Way to Wealth_ | 1683 Tuckerman, H. T. |_The Collector_ | -- Turner, Dr. W. |_A New Boke of the Properties of Wines_| 1568 | | Ullmus, J. F. |_De Ebrietate Fugiendâ_ | 1589 | | Venner |_Via Recta ad Vitam Longam_ | 1628 Vizetelly, H. |_History of Champagne_ | 1882 | | Ward, Samuel |_Woe to Drunkards_ | 1622 Ward and Clark |_Warning Piece_ | 1682 Ward, Ned |_The Complete Vintner_ | 1721 ” ” |_Bacchanalia_ | 1698 Ward, George |_The Opinions of Medical Men_ | 1868 Warner, R. |_Antiquitates Culinariæ_ | 1791 Weston, Agnes |_Temperance Work in the Navy_ | 1879 Whistlecraft, W. |_The Monks and the Giants_ | 1818 Whitaker, T. |_The Blood of the Grape_ | 1638 White, G. |_Hints, Moral and Medical_ | 1840 Whitewell, E. |_Evidence on Sunday-Closing_ | 1880 Wightman, Mrs. |_Arrest the Destroyer’s March_ | 1877 Whyte, J. |_The Alcoholic Controversy_ | 1880 Wilson, Dr. C. |_The Pathology of Drunkenness_ | 1855 Wilson, C. H. |_The Myrtle and Vine_ | 1800 Winskill, P. T. |_History of the Temperance Reformation_| 1881 Winslow, F. |_The Death March of Drinkdom_ | 1881 Woodward, J. |_A Dissuasive from Drunkenness_ | 1798 Worlidge, J. |_Vinetum Britannicum_ | 1676 Worth, W. P. |_Cerevisiarii Comes_ | 1692 Wright, J. |_Country Conversations of Drinking, | 1694 | &c._ | Wright, T. |_Homes of other Days_ | 1871 Whittaker, Thomas |_Life’s Battle in Temperance Armour_ | 1884 Youmans, E. |_The Basis of Prohibition_ | 1846 Young, F. |_The Epicure_ | 1815 Young, T. |_England’s Bane_ | 1617 Yonge, R. |_Blemish of Government_ | 1655